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Консультация № 198820
02.06.2020, 01:06
0.00 руб.
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Здравствуйте! У меня возникли сложности с таким вопросом:
Между двумя горизонтальными пластинами с разностью потенциалов 0,5 кВ висит капелька масла, радиус которой 1,85 мкм. Расстояние между пластинами 0,5 см. Плотность масла 800 кг/м3. Найти заряд капли.
Между двумя горизонтальными пластинами с разностью потенциалов 0,5 кВ висит капелька масла, радиус которой 1,85 мкм. Расстояние между пластинами 0,5 см. Плотность масла 800 кг/м3. Найти заряд капли.
Обсуждение
06.06.2020, 19:27
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, dar777!
В данном случае на каплю с массой m и зарядом q будут действовать две силы: сила тяжести mg (g[$8776$]10 м/с[sup]2[/sup] - ускорение своюодного падения) и кулоновская сила qE (E - напряжённость поля). Капелька висит неподвижно, следовательно, эти силы уравновешивают друг друга:
откуда
Так как сферическая капля с радиусом R и плотностью [$961$] имеет объём V = 4/3 [$960$]R[sup]3[/sup] и массу m = [$961$]V = 4/3 [$960$][$961$]R[sup]3[/sup], а напряжённость поля на расстоянии d от источника с потенциалом U равна U/d, то
В данном случае для U = 0.5 кВ = 500 В, R = 1.85 мкм = 0.000000185 мм, d = 0.25 см = 0.0025 м, [$961$] = 800 кг/м[sup]3[/sup] получаем
Кл.
С учётом того, что элементарный заряд составляет примерно e = 1.6[$183$]10[sup]-19[/sup] Кл, заряд капли равен пяти элементарным.
В данном случае на каплю с массой m и зарядом q будут действовать две силы: сила тяжести mg (g[$8776$]10 м/с[sup]2[/sup] - ускорение своюодного падения) и кулоновская сила qE (E - напряжённость поля). Капелька висит неподвижно, следовательно, эти силы уравновешивают друг друга:
откуда
Так как сферическая капля с радиусом R и плотностью [$961$] имеет объём V = 4/3 [$960$]R[sup]3[/sup] и массу m = [$961$]V = 4/3 [$960$][$961$]R[sup]3[/sup], а напряжённость поля на расстоянии d от источника с потенциалом U равна U/d, то
В данном случае для U = 0.5 кВ = 500 В, R = 1.85 мкм = 0.000000185 мм, d = 0.25 см = 0.0025 м, [$961$] = 800 кг/м[sup]3[/sup] получаем
Кл.С учётом того, что элементарный заряд составляет примерно e = 1.6[$183$]10[sup]-19[/sup] Кл, заряд капли равен пяти элементарным.
07.06.2020, 05:43
общий
Адресаты:
А разве капелька не лежит на нижней пластине "Между двумя горизонтальными пластинами" ? Какое-то мутное Условие, я его не могу понять. 
08.06.2020, 19:42
общий
Адресаты:
Да, немного нечёткое. Ответ зависит от расположения капельки относительно пластин. Раз она "висит", значит не на пластинах, а на некотором расстоянии от них. Я предположил, что ровно посредине. Судя по тому, что ответ получился кратным элементарному заряду, предположение правильное (иначе был бы дробный заряд, а это уже нереально).
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