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Консультация № 200017
29.12.2020, 17:54
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Здравствуйте! У меня возникли сложности с таким вопросом: В теплоизолированном сосуде находится лёд массой m1=1 кг при температуре t1=−10 ∘C, вблизи дна сосуда находится нагревательный элемент мощностью N=2 кВт. В сосуд кладут медную деталь массой m2=500 г, охлаждённую до температуры t2=−100 ∘C. Удельная теплоёмкость воды cв=4200 Дж/(кг⋅∘C), удельная теплоёмкость льда cл=2100 Дж/(кг⋅∘C), удельная теплоёмкость меди cм=380 Дж/(кг⋅∘C), удельная теплота плавления льда λ=330 кДж/кг.
1.Какая температура установится в сосуде, если включить нагреватель на 1
минуту? Ответ дайте в ∘C, округлив до целого числа.
2.Определите массу льда при установившейся температуре. Ответ дайте в кг, округлив до сотых.
1.Какая температура установится в сосуде, если включить нагреватель на 1
минуту? Ответ дайте в ∘C, округлив до целого числа.
2.Определите массу льда при установившейся температуре. Ответ дайте в кг, округлив до сотых.
Обсуждение
30.12.2020, 00:05
общий
Адресаты:
Точно всё? - температура медной детали -100 градусов???
Об авторе:
С уважением
shvetski
С уважением
shvetski
05.01.2021, 16:34
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, kuznetsova.79!
При мощности нагревателя N = 2 кВт = 2000 Вт на нём за время T = 1 мин = 60 с выделится NT = 2000[$183$]60 = 120000 Дж. На нагревание медной детали массой m[sub]2[/sub] = 500 г = 0.5 кг от t[sub]2[/sub] = -100[$176$]C до t[sub]1[/sub] = -10[$176$]C потребуется m[sub]2[/sub](t[sub]1[/sub]-t[sub]2[/sub])c[sub]м[/sub] = 0.5[$183$]90[$183$]380 = 17100 Дж. На дальнейшее нагревание детали и льда массой m[sub]1[/sub] = 1 кг от t[sub]1[/sub] = -10[$176$]C до 0[$176$]C израсходуется ещё (m[sub]2[/sub]c[sub]м[/sub]+m[sub]1[/sub]c[sub]Л[/sub])(t[sub]1[/sub]-t[sub]2[/sub]) = (0.5[$183$]380+1[$183$]2100)[$183$]10 = 22900 Дж. Остальные 120000 - 17100 - 22900 = 80000 Дж израсходуются на плавление льда массой 80000/[$955$] = 80000/330000 [$8776$] 0.242 кг, после чего останется 1 - 0.242 = 0.758 кг = 758 г льда при установившейся температуре 0[$176$]C.
При мощности нагревателя N = 2 кВт = 2000 Вт на нём за время T = 1 мин = 60 с выделится NT = 2000[$183$]60 = 120000 Дж. На нагревание медной детали массой m[sub]2[/sub] = 500 г = 0.5 кг от t[sub]2[/sub] = -100[$176$]C до t[sub]1[/sub] = -10[$176$]C потребуется m[sub]2[/sub](t[sub]1[/sub]-t[sub]2[/sub])c[sub]м[/sub] = 0.5[$183$]90[$183$]380 = 17100 Дж. На дальнейшее нагревание детали и льда массой m[sub]1[/sub] = 1 кг от t[sub]1[/sub] = -10[$176$]C до 0[$176$]C израсходуется ещё (m[sub]2[/sub]c[sub]м[/sub]+m[sub]1[/sub]c[sub]Л[/sub])(t[sub]1[/sub]-t[sub]2[/sub]) = (0.5[$183$]380+1[$183$]2100)[$183$]10 = 22900 Дж. Остальные 120000 - 17100 - 22900 = 80000 Дж израсходуются на плавление льда массой 80000/[$955$] = 80000/330000 [$8776$] 0.242 кг, после чего останется 1 - 0.242 = 0.758 кг = 758 г льда при установившейся температуре 0[$176$]C.
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