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Консультация № 109366
14.11.2007, 12:20
0.00 руб.
0
1
1
Здравствуйте!Помогите, пожалуйста, с парой задач!
1. Цепочки:
a) PbS -> PbO -> Pb -> Pb(OH)2 -> K2[Pb(OH)4] -> Pb(NO3)2
b) H(AuCl4) -> Au(OH)3 -> Au2O3 -> Au
2. Смешивая вместе раствор хлорида железа (III) и карбоната натрия, образуются наросты гидроксида железа и выделяется газ. Объяснить это химическое превращение и написать эту реакцию.
Спасибо! Буду ждать!
1. Цепочки:
a) PbS -> PbO -> Pb -> Pb(OH)2 -> K2[Pb(OH)4] -> Pb(NO3)2
b) H(AuCl4) -> Au(OH)3 -> Au2O3 -> Au
2. Смешивая вместе раствор хлорида железа (III) и карбоната натрия, образуются наросты гидроксида железа и выделяется газ. Объяснить это химическое превращение и написать эту реакцию.
Спасибо! Буду ждать!
Обсуждение
Неизвестный
14.11.2007, 13:29
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, Visova Vika K!
1.
a) 2PbS + 3O<sub>2</sub> = 2PbO + 2SO<sub>2</sub>
___________
PbO + C = Pb + CO
___________
Pb + 2NaOH + 2H<sub>2</sub>O = Na<sub>2</sub>Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>
Na<sub>2</sub>Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub> + 2NaHSO<sub>4</sub> = 2Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub>(падает в осадок) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O
___________
2KOH + Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub> = K<sub>2</sub>[Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub>]
___________
K<sub>2</sub>[Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub>] + 4HNO<sub>3</sub> = 2KNO<sub>3</sub> + Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 4H<sub>2</sub>O
___________
b)
H[AuCl<sub>4</sub>] + 4KOH = 4KCl + Au(OH)<sub>3</sub> (исходный комплекс прочен, поэтому без кипячения и концентрированной щелочи тут не обойтись)
2Au(OH)<sub>3</sub> = Au<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 3H<sub>2</sub>O(поскольку оксид золота непрочен, нагревать следует очень осторожно, я бы даже сказал - надо просто оставить гидроксид на воздухе и подождать, пока вода сама вся не улетит; на солнце, например).
2Au<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> = 4Au + 3O<sub>2</sub> (а это будет происходить при сильном нагревании гидроксида и оксида золота).
2. Образующийся карбонат трехвалентного железа полностью гидролизуется, потому как образован очень слабой кислотой(H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) и очень слабым основанием(Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub>). CO<sub>2</sub> выделяется при этом в виде газа.
Уравнение реакции:
3Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> + 2FeCl<sub>3</sub> + 3H<sub>2</sub>O = 2Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub> + 6NaCl + 3CO<sub>2</sub>.
Удачи!
1.
a) 2PbS + 3O<sub>2</sub> = 2PbO + 2SO<sub>2</sub>
___________
PbO + C = Pb + CO
___________
Pb + 2NaOH + 2H<sub>2</sub>O = Na<sub>2</sub>Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>
Na<sub>2</sub>Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub> + 2NaHSO<sub>4</sub> = 2Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub>(падает в осадок) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O
___________
2KOH + Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub> = K<sub>2</sub>[Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub>]
___________
K<sub>2</sub>[Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub>] + 4HNO<sub>3</sub> = 2KNO<sub>3</sub> + Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 4H<sub>2</sub>O
___________
b)
H[AuCl<sub>4</sub>] + 4KOH = 4KCl + Au(OH)<sub>3</sub> (исходный комплекс прочен, поэтому без кипячения и концентрированной щелочи тут не обойтись)
2Au(OH)<sub>3</sub> = Au<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 3H<sub>2</sub>O(поскольку оксид золота непрочен, нагревать следует очень осторожно, я бы даже сказал - надо просто оставить гидроксид на воздухе и подождать, пока вода сама вся не улетит; на солнце, например).
2Au<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> = 4Au + 3O<sub>2</sub> (а это будет происходить при сильном нагревании гидроксида и оксида золота).
2. Образующийся карбонат трехвалентного железа полностью гидролизуется, потому как образован очень слабой кислотой(H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) и очень слабым основанием(Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub>). CO<sub>2</sub> выделяется при этом в виде газа.
Уравнение реакции:
3Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> + 2FeCl<sub>3</sub> + 3H<sub>2</sub>O = 2Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub> + 6NaCl + 3CO<sub>2</sub>.
Удачи!
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