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Задать вопрос экспертам

Консультация № 200952

24.05.2021, 23:56

0.00 руб.

25.05.2021, 00:43

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Образование

Добрый день, Уважаемый эксперты! Прошу Вашей помощи по решению этой задачи: 1м³ водорода (Н₂) при 273 К находится в цилиндрическом сосуде, закрытом сверху легко скользящим невесомым поршнем. Атмосферное давление равно 0,96*10⁵ Па. Определить, какое количество теплоты потребуется на нагревание водорода до 573 К.

Обсуждение

давно

Посетитель
226425
1567

25.05.2021, 01:48

общий

это ответ

Здравствуйте, Павел.
Дано:
(Н₂)
V₀=1м³
T₀=273 K
p₀=0,96*10⁵Па
Т=573 К
Найти: Q
Решение:
1. При передаче водороду количества теплоты Q, внутренняя энергия газа будет увеличиваться и он будет совершать работу. Согласно первому закону термодинамики:
Q=[$916$]U+A (1)
2. Изменение внутренней энергии газа
[$916$]U=(i/2)*[$957$]*R*[$916$]T(2)
3. Работа расширения газа
A=[$957$]*R*[$916$]T (3)
4. Согласно закону Менделеева-Клапейрона
p₀*V₀=[$957$]*R*T₀,
следовательно,
[$957$]*R=p₀V₀/T₀ (4)
Теперь
из выражений (1,2,3,4) следует, что
Q=[(i+2)/2]*(p₀*V₀/T₀)*[$916$]T (5)
- здесь
i=5 - число степеней свободы молекул водорода;
[$916$]Т=Т-Т₀=300 К - разность температур.
Итак
подставляем известные данные в выражение (5)
Q=(7/2)*(0,96*10⁵*1/273)*300 = 3,7*10⁵ Дж
********
Удачи

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shvetski

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