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Консультация № 193010
01.04.2018, 14:15
0.00 руб.
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2
1
Здравствуйте! У меня возникли сложности с таким вопросом:
Над молем идеального газа совершают прямой замкнутый цикл, состоящий из двух изохор и двух изобар. Температура в точках 1 и 3 равны Т1 и Т3.
Точки 2 и 4 лежат на одной изотерме. ( Т1 минимальная.)
1) На каких участках процесса газ получает теплоту, а на каких отдаёт?
2) Чему равно изменение внутренней энергии в конце цикла?
3) Какую работу совершает газ за цикл?
Над молем идеального газа совершают прямой замкнутый цикл, состоящий из двух изохор и двух изобар. Температура в точках 1 и 3 равны Т1 и Т3.
Точки 2 и 4 лежат на одной изотерме. ( Т1 минимальная.)
1) На каких участках процесса газ получает теплоту, а на каких отдаёт?
2) Чему равно изменение внутренней энергии в конце цикла?
3) Какую работу совершает газ за цикл?
Обсуждение
01.04.2018, 15:39
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, Mastvel!
1) На участке 1-2 газ получает теплоту (процесс изохорный, идёт с увеличением давления, значит внутренняя энергия газа увеличивается).
На участке 2-3 газ получает теплоту (процесс изобарный, идёт с увеличением объема, значит внутренняя энергия газа увеличивается, также газ совершает положительную работу).
На участке 3-4 газ отдает теплоту (процесс изохорный, идёт с уменьшением давления, значит внутренняя энергия газа уменьшается).
На участке 4-1 газ отдает теплоту (процесс изобарный, идёт с уменьшением объема, значит внутренняя энергия газа уменьшается, также газ совершает отрицательную работу).
2) Так как цикл замкнутый, внутренняя энергия не изменяется
∆U=0
3)A1234=A12+A23+A34+A41=A23+A41=(p2-p1)(V2-V1)
P2V2=ѴRT2
P1V2=ѴRT4
P2V3=ѴRT3
P1V1=ѴRT1
A23=ѴR(T3-T2)
A41=ѴR(T1-T4)
A1234=ѴR(T3-T2)+R(T1-T4)=ѴR(T3+T1-2T2)
Выразим Т2
T1/T2=p1/p2 T3/T2=V2/V1
T1T3/T2^2=P1V2/(P2V1)=1
Т.к. p1V2=p2V1
T2=√(T1T3)
A1234=ѴR(T3+T1-2√(T1T3))
1) На участке 1-2 газ получает теплоту (процесс изохорный, идёт с увеличением давления, значит внутренняя энергия газа увеличивается).
На участке 2-3 газ получает теплоту (процесс изобарный, идёт с увеличением объема, значит внутренняя энергия газа увеличивается, также газ совершает положительную работу).
На участке 3-4 газ отдает теплоту (процесс изохорный, идёт с уменьшением давления, значит внутренняя энергия газа уменьшается).
На участке 4-1 газ отдает теплоту (процесс изобарный, идёт с уменьшением объема, значит внутренняя энергия газа уменьшается, также газ совершает отрицательную работу).
2) Так как цикл замкнутый, внутренняя энергия не изменяется
∆U=0
3)A1234=A12+A23+A34+A41=A23+A41=(p2-p1)(V2-V1)
P2V2=ѴRT2
P1V2=ѴRT4
P2V3=ѴRT3
P1V1=ѴRT1
A23=ѴR(T3-T2)
A41=ѴR(T1-T4)
A1234=ѴR(T3-T2)+R(T1-T4)=ѴR(T3+T1-2T2)
Выразим Т2
T1/T2=p1/p2 T3/T2=V2/V1
T1T3/T2^2=P1V2/(P2V1)=1
Т.к. p1V2=p2V1
T2=√(T1T3)
A1234=ѴR(T3+T1-2√(T1T3))
5
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