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Консультация № 189312
06.05.2016, 13:19
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Уважаемые эксперты! Пожалуйста, ответьте на вопрос:
Зная,что при электролизе электродный потенциал воды на катоде равен -0,83 В, укажите, ионы каких металлов не восстанавливаются из водных растворов и объясните почему.
Зная,что при электролизе электродный потенциал воды на катоде равен -0,83 В, укажите, ионы каких металлов не восстанавливаются из водных растворов и объясните почему.
Обсуждение
08.05.2016, 11:18
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, kerimova.irada9!
По этой таблице в получаем, что алюминий и всё что левее из водных растворов не восстанавливаются.
Потенциал восстановления водорода может опускаться до -0,83 В только за счёт pH (но это также изменяет потенциалы многих металлов) и даже ещё ниже благодаря перенапряжению при высоких плотностях тока - для многих металлов с подобными значениями потенциала можно добиться одновременного выделения металла и водорода на катоде. Точная граница возможности (и целесообразности) электролитического восстановления металлов из водного растворе не однозначна, но находится она где-то между цинком и алюминием.
По этой таблице в получаем, что алюминий и всё что левее из водных растворов не восстанавливаются.
Потенциал восстановления водорода может опускаться до -0,83 В только за счёт pH (но это также изменяет потенциалы многих металлов) и даже ещё ниже благодаря перенапряжению при высоких плотностях тока - для многих металлов с подобными значениями потенциала можно добиться одновременного выделения металла и водорода на катоде. Точная граница возможности (и целесообразности) электролитического восстановления металлов из водного растворе не однозначна, но находится она где-то между цинком и алюминием.
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