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Консультация № 188800
11.02.2016, 10:37
0.00 руб.
11.02.2016, 10:46
0
2
1
Уважаемые эксперты! Пожалуйста, ответьте на вопрос:
Напишите молекулярной и молекулярно-ионной форме уравнения реакций взаимодействия следующих веществ: NH4OH+HCl, Ca(OH)2+HCl, Ba(OH)2+HNO3
Напишите молекулярной и молекулярно-ионной форме уравнения реакций взаимодействия следующих веществ: NH4OH+HCl, Ca(OH)2+HCl, Ba(OH)2+HNO3
Обсуждение
11.02.2016, 10:47
общий
Обратите внимание на вопрос
Об авторе:
"Если вы заметили, что вы на стороне большинства, —
это верный признак того, что пора меняться." Марк Твен
"Если вы заметили, что вы на стороне большинства, —
это верный признак того, что пора меняться." Марк Твен
12.02.2016, 16:34
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, alekseevveniamin!
NH4OH фактически представляет собой молекулу аммиака в водном растворе, образующую водородную связь с молекулой воды. Эта связь может ионизироваться с образованием ионов NH4+ и OH-, но аммиак является слабым основанием и большая его часть находится в молекулярной форме. Поэтому его реакция с сильной кислотой может быть записана как
NH4OH+HCl=NH4Cl+H2O
NH4OH+H+=NH4++H2O
(или тогда уж NH4OH+H3O+=NH4++2H2O, поскольку протон тоже гидратируется)
но координированную воду можно опустить, записав реакцию в виде
NH3+HCl=NH4Cl
NH3+H+=NH4+
Остальные две реакции являются реакциями сильной кислоты и сильного основания, сводящимися к одному и тому же ионно молекулярному уравнению
Ca(OH)2+2HCl=CaCl2+2H2O
H++OH-=H2O
Ba(OH)2+2HNO3=Ba(NO3)2+2H2O
H++OH-=H2O
NH4OH фактически представляет собой молекулу аммиака в водном растворе, образующую водородную связь с молекулой воды. Эта связь может ионизироваться с образованием ионов NH4+ и OH-, но аммиак является слабым основанием и большая его часть находится в молекулярной форме. Поэтому его реакция с сильной кислотой может быть записана как
NH4OH+HCl=NH4Cl+H2O
NH4OH+H+=NH4++H2O
(или тогда уж NH4OH+H3O+=NH4++2H2O, поскольку протон тоже гидратируется)
но координированную воду можно опустить, записав реакцию в виде
NH3+HCl=NH4Cl
NH3+H+=NH4+
Остальные две реакции являются реакциями сильной кислоты и сильного основания, сводящимися к одному и тому же ионно молекулярному уравнению
Ca(OH)2+2HCl=CaCl2+2H2O
H++OH-=H2O
Ba(OH)2+2HNO3=Ba(NO3)2+2H2O
H++OH-=H2O
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