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Консультация № 158558
23.01.2009, 18:59
0.00 руб.
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Здравствуйте, пожалуйста,если вас не затруднит, помогите с решением задачи:
Электролиз раствора CuSO4 проводили в течение 30 мин при силе тока 1,25 А. Выделилось 0,72 г меди. Составить уравнения электродных процессов, протекающих на электродах в случае медного и угольного анодов. Вычислите выход по току (отношение массы выделившегося вещества к тео¬ретически возможной).
Большое Вам спасибо!!!!!!!
Электролиз раствора CuSO4 проводили в течение 30 мин при силе тока 1,25 А. Выделилось 0,72 г меди. Составить уравнения электродных процессов, протекающих на электродах в случае медного и угольного анодов. Вычислите выход по току (отношение массы выделившегося вещества к тео¬ретически возможной).
Большое Вам спасибо!!!!!!!
Обсуждение
23.01.2009, 21:45
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, Olga samarkina!
На катоде восстанавливется медь
Cu2++2e-=Cu
На угольном аноде будет окисляться кислород из воды (окисление сульфата до пероксидисульфата в водных растворах невозможно из-за огромного потенциала превышающего +2 В; у воды этот потенциал варьируется от +1,3 В в кислой среде до +0,4 В в щелочной)
2H2O-4e-=O2+4H+
В случае медного анода окисляться будет сам электрод, имеющий потенциал 0,34 В (подобный процесс, когда металл растворяется на аноде и восстанавливается обратно на катоде, называется электролитическим рафинированием)
Cu-2e-=Cu2+
теоретическое количество меди
n(Cu)=I*t/(Z*F)=1,25А*1800с/(2*96500Кл/моль)=0,01166 моль
теоретическая масса меди m(Cu)=n(Cu)*M(Cu)=0,01166моль*63,55г/моль=0,74 г
отсюда, выход по току составляет 0,72/0,74=97% (если брать молярную массу меди 64 г/моль, результат выходит 96,5%)
На катоде восстанавливется медь
Cu2++2e-=Cu
На угольном аноде будет окисляться кислород из воды (окисление сульфата до пероксидисульфата в водных растворах невозможно из-за огромного потенциала превышающего +2 В; у воды этот потенциал варьируется от +1,3 В в кислой среде до +0,4 В в щелочной)
2H2O-4e-=O2+4H+
В случае медного анода окисляться будет сам электрод, имеющий потенциал 0,34 В (подобный процесс, когда металл растворяется на аноде и восстанавливается обратно на катоде, называется электролитическим рафинированием)
Cu-2e-=Cu2+
теоретическое количество меди
n(Cu)=I*t/(Z*F)=1,25А*1800с/(2*96500Кл/моль)=0,01166 моль
теоретическая масса меди m(Cu)=n(Cu)*M(Cu)=0,01166моль*63,55г/моль=0,74 г
отсюда, выход по току составляет 0,72/0,74=97% (если брать молярную массу меди 64 г/моль, результат выходит 96,5%)
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