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Консультация № 196829
26.10.2019, 22:19
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Уважаемые эксперты! Пожалуйста, ответьте на вопрос:
1.Каким объемом 1 М раствора KMnO4 можно заменить 1 л 10 мас.% раствора K2Cr2O7 (плотность раствора 1,08 г/см^3) в реакциях окисления-восстановления, протекающих в: а) кислой среде, б) щелочной среде?
2.Сколько граммов Na2SO4•10H2O надо добавить к 600 см^3 6 мас.% раствора Na2SO4 (плотность раствора 1,151 г/см^3)? Вычислите титр и моляльность полученного раствора.
1.Каким объемом 1 М раствора KMnO4 можно заменить 1 л 10 мас.% раствора K2Cr2O7 (плотность раствора 1,08 г/см^3) в реакциях окисления-восстановления, протекающих в: а) кислой среде, б) щелочной среде?
2.Сколько граммов Na2SO4•10H2O надо добавить к 600 см^3 6 мас.% раствора Na2SO4 (плотность раствора 1,151 г/см^3)? Вычислите титр и моляльность полученного раствора.
Обсуждение
26.10.2019, 22:53
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, irikhi!
1. Количество дихромата калия в растворе
n(K2Cr2O7)=1000мл[$183$]1,08г/мл/294г/моль=3,67 моль
При этом хром как в кислой, так и в щелочной среде (правда, в щелочной среде дихромат превратится в хромат) восстанавливается с шестивалентного до трёхвалентного, то есть на 1 моль дихромата (или 2 моля хромата) переносится 6 молей электронов
Cr2O72-+14H++6e-=2Cr3++7H2O
2CrO42-+8H2O+6e-=2[Cr(OH)6]3-+4OH-
а) перманганат в кислой среде восстанавливается до двухвалентного марганца
MnO4-+8H++5e-=Mn2++4H2O
таким образом эквивалентное количество перманганата составляет 6/5 количества дихромата, поэтому объём раствора
V(1M KMnO4)=(6/5)[$183$]n(K2Cr2O7)/1М=(6/5)[$183$]3,67моль/1М=4,41 л
б) перманганат в щелочной среде восстанавливается до манганата, присоединяя 1 электрон
MnO4-+e-=MnO42-
таким образом эквивалентное количество перманганата в 6 раз больше количества дихромата, поэтому объём раствора
V(1M KMnO4)=6[$183$]n(K2Cr2O7)/1М=6[$183$]3,67моль/1М=22,04 л
1. Количество дихромата калия в растворе
n(K2Cr2O7)=1000мл[$183$]1,08г/мл/294г/моль=3,67 моль
При этом хром как в кислой, так и в щелочной среде (правда, в щелочной среде дихромат превратится в хромат) восстанавливается с шестивалентного до трёхвалентного, то есть на 1 моль дихромата (или 2 моля хромата) переносится 6 молей электронов
Cr2O72-+14H++6e-=2Cr3++7H2O
2CrO42-+8H2O+6e-=2[Cr(OH)6]3-+4OH-
а) перманганат в кислой среде восстанавливается до двухвалентного марганца
MnO4-+8H++5e-=Mn2++4H2O
таким образом эквивалентное количество перманганата составляет 6/5 количества дихромата, поэтому объём раствора
V(1M KMnO4)=(6/5)[$183$]n(K2Cr2O7)/1М=(6/5)[$183$]3,67моль/1М=4,41 л
б) перманганат в щелочной среде восстанавливается до манганата, присоединяя 1 электрон
MnO4-+e-=MnO42-
таким образом эквивалентное количество перманганата в 6 раз больше количества дихромата, поэтому объём раствора
V(1M KMnO4)=6[$183$]n(K2Cr2O7)/1М=6[$183$]3,67моль/1М=22,04 л
5
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