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Консультация № 191798
18.11.2017, 18:47
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Уважаемые эксперты! Пожалуйста, ответьте на вопрос:
Два точечных заряда +q и -q, закрепленные на концах непроводящего стержня (диполь), находятся в электростатическом поле. Для того, чтобы повернуть этот диполь на 180 градусов вокруг центра стержня, внешним силам нужно совершить работу А. Какую работу нужно совершить внешним силам (после поворота) для того, чтобы унести диполь из этого поля на бесконечность?
Два точечных заряда +q и -q, закрепленные на концах непроводящего стержня (диполь), находятся в электростатическом поле. Для того, чтобы повернуть этот диполь на 180 градусов вокруг центра стержня, внешним силам нужно совершить работу А. Какую работу нужно совершить внешним силам (после поворота) для того, чтобы унести диполь из этого поля на бесконечность?
Обсуждение
21.11.2017, 07:23
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, irkut60!
Диполь можно просто повернуть, а можно унести на бесконечность, повернуть и вернуть повернутым на то же место.
Это потребует затраты той же работы A.
Работа при перемещение "туда" такая же, как при перемещении "обратно".
Действительно, если возвращение происходит по той же траектории, меняются на противоположные
знак перемещения dx и знаки зарядов, а интеграл [$8747$]qE(x)dx не меняется.
Таким образом, для перемещения зарядов на бесконечность нужно затратить работу A/2.
Диполь можно просто повернуть, а можно унести на бесконечность, повернуть и вернуть повернутым на то же место.
Это потребует затраты той же работы A.
Работа при перемещение "туда" такая же, как при перемещении "обратно".
Действительно, если возвращение происходит по той же траектории, меняются на противоположные
знак перемещения dx и знаки зарядов, а интеграл [$8747$]qE(x)dx не меняется.
Таким образом, для перемещения зарядов на бесконечность нужно затратить работу A/2.
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