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Консультация № 190435
16.01.2017, 01:18
0.00 руб.
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1
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Здравствуйте, уважаемые эксперты! Прошу вас ответить на следующий вопрос:
Какими способами можно изменить содержание растворённого вещества в растворе? Объясните, пожалуйста, наиболее простым языком.
Какими способами можно изменить содержание растворённого вещества в растворе? Объясните, пожалуйста, наиболее простым языком.
Обсуждение
20.01.2017, 10:43
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, svrvsvrv!
Насколько я понимаю, содержание растворённого вещества в растворе можно изменить, увеличивая или уменьшая температуру или давление (или и то, и другое).
В частности, если растворение твёрдого вещества происходит с выделением теплоты, то его содержание в растворе уменьшится при нагреве раствора - вещество выпадет в осадок. Если растворение вещества происходит с поглощением теплоты, то его содержание можно уменьшить, охлаждая раствор. Почти все газы растворяются с выделением тепла. Поэтому содержание газов в жидкостях с повышением температуры уменьшается, а с понижением увеличивается.
Давление практически не влияет на содержание твёрдых веществ в растворах. А для газов, которые химически не взаимодействуют с растворителем, имеет место закон Генри: при постоянной температуре растворимость газа в жидкости прямо пропорциональна его давлению над жидкостью.
От рассмотрения растворов жидкостей друг в друге я воздержусь ввиду "неподъёмности" этого вопроса для меня.
Насколько я понимаю, содержание растворённого вещества в растворе можно изменить, увеличивая или уменьшая температуру или давление (или и то, и другое).
В частности, если растворение твёрдого вещества происходит с выделением теплоты, то его содержание в растворе уменьшится при нагреве раствора - вещество выпадет в осадок. Если растворение вещества происходит с поглощением теплоты, то его содержание можно уменьшить, охлаждая раствор. Почти все газы растворяются с выделением тепла. Поэтому содержание газов в жидкостях с повышением температуры уменьшается, а с понижением увеличивается.
Давление практически не влияет на содержание твёрдых веществ в растворах. А для газов, которые химически не взаимодействуют с растворителем, имеет место закон Генри: при постоянной температуре растворимость газа в жидкости прямо пропорциональна его давлению над жидкостью.
От рассмотрения растворов жидкостей друг в друге я воздержусь ввиду "неподъёмности" этого вопроса для меня.
5
Об авторе:
Facta loquuntur.
Facta loquuntur.
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