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Консультация № 198709
25.05.2020, 04:58
0.00 руб.
0
2
1
Здравствуйте! Прошу помощи в следующем вопросе:
Одноатомный газ занимает объём 4 м^3 и находится под давлением 8*10^5 па. после изотермического расширения этого газа установилось давление 1 атм. Определить: а) какая работа совершена газом при расширении; б) какое количество теплоты было поглощено газом в процессе расширения; в) на сколько изменилась при этом внутренняя энергия газа.
Одноатомный газ занимает объём 4 м^3 и находится под давлением 8*10^5 па. после изотермического расширения этого газа установилось давление 1 атм. Определить: а) какая работа совершена газом при расширении; б) какое количество теплоты было поглощено газом в процессе расширения; в) на сколько изменилась при этом внутренняя энергия газа.
Обсуждение
29.05.2020, 18:51
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, Юлия 125!
Поведение газа при изотермическом процессе описывается законом Бойля-Мариотта: PV = const. Другими словами, если газ изотермически расширяется от объёма V[sub]1[/sub] до объёма V[sub]2[/sub], то его давление уменьшается с P[sub]1[/sub] до P[sub]2[/sub] и P[sub]1[/sub]V[sub]1[/sub] = P[sub]2[/sub]V[sub]2[/sub], откуда V[sub]2[/sub] = P[sub]1[/sub]V[sub]1[/sub]/P[sub]2[/sub]. В данном случае P[sub]1[/sub] = 8[$183$]10[sup]5[/sup] Па, V[sub]1[/sub] = 4 м[sup]3[/sup], P[sub]2[/sub] = 1 атм [$8776$] 10[sup]5[/sup] Па и V[sub]2[/sub] = 8[$183$]10[sup]5[/sup] [$183$] 4/10[sup]5[/sup] = 32 м[sup]3[/sup].
Согласно первому закону термодинамики
то есть теплота, поглощаемая газом, расходуется на увеличение его внутренней энергии [$916$]U и совершение газом работы против внешних сил, причём
и
Для изотермического процесса
и
поэтому
а) газ при расширении совершает работу
Дж;
б) вся поглощённая газом теплота расходуется на совершение работы, то есть
Дж;
в) внутренняя энергия газа не изменяется:
Поведение газа при изотермическом процессе описывается законом Бойля-Мариотта: PV = const. Другими словами, если газ изотермически расширяется от объёма V[sub]1[/sub] до объёма V[sub]2[/sub], то его давление уменьшается с P[sub]1[/sub] до P[sub]2[/sub] и P[sub]1[/sub]V[sub]1[/sub] = P[sub]2[/sub]V[sub]2[/sub], откуда V[sub]2[/sub] = P[sub]1[/sub]V[sub]1[/sub]/P[sub]2[/sub]. В данном случае P[sub]1[/sub] = 8[$183$]10[sup]5[/sup] Па, V[sub]1[/sub] = 4 м[sup]3[/sup], P[sub]2[/sub] = 1 атм [$8776$] 10[sup]5[/sup] Па и V[sub]2[/sub] = 8[$183$]10[sup]5[/sup] [$183$] 4/10[sup]5[/sup] = 32 м[sup]3[/sup].
Согласно первому закону термодинамики
то есть теплота, поглощаемая газом, расходуется на увеличение его внутренней энергии [$916$]U и совершение газом работы против внешних сил, причём
и
Для изотермического процесса
и
поэтому
а) газ при расширении совершает работу
Дж;б) вся поглощённая газом теплота расходуется на совершение работы, то есть
Дж;в) внутренняя энергия газа не изменяется:
5
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