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Консультация № 196265
30.08.2019, 19:03
0.00 руб.
01.09.2019, 01:27
0
5
1
Здравствуйте! У меня возникли сложности с таким вопросом:
К аккумулятору подключен резистор с сопротивлением 2 Ом. Вольтметр, подключённый к аккумулятору при отключённом резисторе, показывает 2,1 В. Определить ЭДС и внутреннее сопротивление аккумулятора, показание вольтметра при токе в цепи 1 А.
К аккумулятору подключен резистор с сопротивлением 2 Ом. Вольтметр, подключённый к аккумулятору при отключённом резисторе, показывает 2,1 В. Определить ЭДС и внутреннее сопротивление аккумулятора, показание вольтметра при токе в цепи 1 А.
Обсуждение
04.09.2019, 14:15
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, dar777!
Представим аккумулятор, как последовательно-соединённые идеальный источник напряжения с ЭДС = E и внутреннее сопротивление Ri . Вольтметр - тоже идеальный, поскольку его внутреннее сопротивление не указано в задаче.
Значит, в первом случае, показания вольтметра соответствуют ЭДС эккумулятора (ток ч-з идеальный вольтметр не течёт, напряжение на Ri не падает).
E = 2,1 В.
Во втором случае цепь замкнули на резистор нагрузки Rн = 2 Ом .
Общее сопротивление всей последовательно-соединённой цепи Ro = Ri + Rн
А ток I = 1А в этой цепи связан с ЭДС законом Ома :
E = I·Ro
Легко вычислить общее сопротивление:
Ro = E / I = 2,1 / 1 = 2,1 Ом
Искомое внутреннее сопротивление аккумулятора Ri = Ro - Rн = 2,1 - 2 = 0,1 Ом
Показание вольтметра при токе I=1А :
Uv = I·Rн = 1·2 = 2 В (вольтметр подключен параллельно резистору Rн).
Проверяем : При токе I=1А на внутреннем сопротивлении падает напряжение
Ui = I·Rн = 1·0,1 = 0,1 В
Сумма напряжений на обоих резисторах
Uv + Ui = 2,1 В равна ЭДС E=2,1 В . Проверка успешна.
Представим аккумулятор, как последовательно-соединённые идеальный источник напряжения с ЭДС = E и внутреннее сопротивление Ri . Вольтметр - тоже идеальный, поскольку его внутреннее сопротивление не указано в задаче.
Значит, в первом случае, показания вольтметра соответствуют ЭДС эккумулятора (ток ч-з идеальный вольтметр не течёт, напряжение на Ri не падает).
E = 2,1 В.
Во втором случае цепь замкнули на резистор нагрузки Rн = 2 Ом .
Общее сопротивление всей последовательно-соединённой цепи Ro = Ri + Rн
А ток I = 1А в этой цепи связан с ЭДС законом Ома :
E = I·Ro
Легко вычислить общее сопротивление:
Ro = E / I = 2,1 / 1 = 2,1 Ом
Искомое внутреннее сопротивление аккумулятора Ri = Ro - Rн = 2,1 - 2 = 0,1 Ом
Показание вольтметра при токе I=1А :
Uv = I·Rн = 1·2 = 2 В (вольтметр подключен параллельно резистору Rн).
Проверяем : При токе I=1А на внутреннем сопротивлении падает напряжение
Ui = I·Rн = 1·0,1 = 0,1 В
Сумма напряжений на обоих резисторах
Uv + Ui = 2,1 В равна ЭДС E=2,1 В . Проверка успешна.
5
Это самое лучшее решение!
04.09.2019, 15:31
общий
Спасибо огромное Владимир Николаевич)
Об авторе:
Лучшая увеличительная линза - ноги.
Лучшая увеличительная линза - ноги.
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