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Консультация № 193992
25.11.2018, 12:15
0.00 руб.
25.11.2018, 14:55
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Уважаемые эксперты! Пожалуйста, ответьте на вопрос:
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Обсуждение
25.11.2018, 12:57
общий
Подскажите 1-2 Это при Т=const, тогда энтропия растет
2-3 это это адиабатный, 3-1 это температура растет а энтропия уменьшается, что это за процесс
2-3 это это адиабатный, 3-1 это температура растет а энтропия уменьшается, что это за процесс
25.11.2018, 15:38
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, mari_nikopol!
Просто воспользуемся соотношением dQ=TdS и подсчитаем принятую и отданную теплоту
Q1-2=T1(S2-S1)
Q2-3=0
для процесса 3-1 интеграл [$8747$]TdS равен площади трапеции под линией процесса и отрицателен, так как энтропия убывает
Q3-1=-0.5(T1+T2)(S2-S1)
По закону сохранения энергии, работа, совершённая газом за цикл равна
A=Q1-2+Q2-3+Q3-1=T1(S2-S1)+0-0.5(T1+T2)(S2-S1)=
=0.5(T1-T2)(S2-S1)
(Легко понять, что это площадь, ограниченная графиком процесса. Собственно, можно было сразу найти работу таким образом, но нам всё равно нужно полученное при нагреве количество теплоты)
КПД равен отношению работы к поглощённой при нагреве (1-2) теплоте и составляет
[$951$]=A/Q1-2=0.5(T1-T2)/T1=0.5(1-T2/T1)=0.5(1-300/500)=0.2=20%
Да, это половина эффективности цикла Карно при тех же температурах
Просто воспользуемся соотношением dQ=TdS и подсчитаем принятую и отданную теплоту
Q1-2=T1(S2-S1)
Q2-3=0
для процесса 3-1 интеграл [$8747$]TdS равен площади трапеции под линией процесса и отрицателен, так как энтропия убывает
Q3-1=-0.5(T1+T2)(S2-S1)
По закону сохранения энергии, работа, совершённая газом за цикл равна
A=Q1-2+Q2-3+Q3-1=T1(S2-S1)+0-0.5(T1+T2)(S2-S1)=
=0.5(T1-T2)(S2-S1)
(Легко понять, что это площадь, ограниченная графиком процесса. Собственно, можно было сразу найти работу таким образом, но нам всё равно нужно полученное при нагреве количество теплоты)
КПД равен отношению работы к поглощённой при нагреве (1-2) теплоте и составляет
[$951$]=A/Q1-2=0.5(T1-T2)/T1=0.5(1-T2/T1)=0.5(1-300/500)=0.2=20%
Да, это половина эффективности цикла Карно при тех же температурах
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