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Консультация № 196548

03.10.2019, 01:49

0.00 руб.

03.10.2019, 13:38

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Образование

Уважаемые эксперты! Пожалуйста, ответьте на вопрос:

Решить задачу.

В составе смеси ¹²CH₄ и ¹⁴CH₄ массовая доля водорода равна 24,0%.
Определите массовую долю ¹²CH₄ в этой смеси.

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Обсуждение

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Roman Chaplinsky / Химик CH

Модератор
156417
2175

03.10.2019, 14:26

общий

это ответ

Здравствуйте, svrvsvrv!
Один из вариантов решения задачи - найти среднюю молекулярную массу метана
M_r(CH₄-ср)=A_r(¹H)[$183$]4/0,24=16,667
и среднюю атомную массу углерода в нём
A_r(C-ср)=M_r(CH₄-ср)-4[$183$]A_r(¹H)=12,667
Из этого значения находим мольную долю ¹²C
[$967$](¹²C)=(A_r(C-ср)-A_r(¹²C))/(A_r(¹⁴C)-A_r(¹²C))=2/3
остаётся только пересчитать на массовую долю ¹²CH₄ в смеси
[$969$](¹²CH₄)=M_r(¹²CH₄)[$183$][$967$](¹²C)/(M_r(¹²CH₄)[$183$][$967$](¹²C)+M_r(¹⁴CH₄)[$183$](1-[$967$](¹²C))=0,64=64%

Примечание: это значение получено с использованием округлённых атомных масс. Если взять более точные значения
A_r(¹H)=1,008
A_r(¹²C)=12,000
A_r(¹⁴C)=14,003
то ответ получится 58,8% ¹²CH₄

Другой способ решения задачи - составить уравнение массовой доли водорода в смеси
[$969$](H-ср)=[$969$](¹²CH₄)[$183$]4A_r(¹H)/M_r(¹²CH₄)+(1-[$969$](¹²CH₄))[$183$]4A_r(¹H)/M_r(¹⁴CH₄)=0,24
при решении этого уравнения должно получиться то же самое значение

5

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Посетитель
399424
894

03.10.2019, 14:44

общий

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