#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	cout << "Input the number of real numeric: ";
	int num = 0;
	// перехват исключения, если введено не число
	cin.exceptions(istream::failbit | istream::badbit);
	try
	{
		cin >> num;
	}
	catch (...)
	{
		cout << "Input is not a real number" << endl;
		return -1;
	}

	int input, compare;
	bool inputFirst = true;  // первый ввод
	short moreFirst = 0;     // количество чисел больше первого
	while (num-- > 0)
	{
		cout << "Input real numeric: ";
		try
		{
			cin >> input;
		}
		catch (...)
		{
			cout << "Input is not a real number" << endl;
			return -1;
		}

		if (inputFirst)
		{
			compare = input;
			inputFirst = false;
		}
		else
		{
			if (abs(compare) < abs(input))
			{
				moreFirst++;
			}
		}
	}

	cout << "The number of elements is greater than the first modulo: " << moreFirst << endl;

	return 0;
}

Input the number of real numeric: 3
Input real numeric: 2
Input real numeric: -1
Input real numeric: 3
The number of elements is greater than the first modulo: 1