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Задать вопрос экспертам

Консультация № 189508

26.05.2016, 14:52

0.00 руб.

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Образование

Здравствуйте, уважаемые эксперты! Прошу вас ответить на следующий вопрос:
Мне нужна помощь!! Я не знаю химию, но мне дали задание на дом, которое я обязана решить.. Помогите мне пожалуйста

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009c0164718c6e43b04498c80778bfb777e74b91.jpg

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Обсуждение

давно

Roman Chaplinsky / Химик CH

Модератор
156417
2175

31.05.2016, 10:56

общий

это ответ

Здравствуйте, ket9999!
1.
Mg+2HCl=MgCl₂+H₂[$8593$]
Mg-2e^-=Mg²⁺
2H⁺+2e^-=H₂

MgCl₂+Na₂CO₃=MgCO₃[$8595$]+2NaCl

2.
ClO₂^-[$8594$]Cl₂
процесс восстановления. Хлорит - окислитель.
кислая среда: 2ClO₂^-+8H⁺+6e^-=Cl₂+4H₂O
нейтральная и щелочная среда: 2ClO₂^-+4H₂O+6e^-=Cl₂+8OH^-

Cl₂[$8594$]ClO₂^-
процесс окисления. Хлор - восстановитель
щелочная среда: Cl₂+8OH^--6e^-=2ClO₂^-+4H₂O
нейтральная и кислая среда: Cl₂+4H₂O-6e^-=2ClO₂^-+8H⁺

3.
процесс окисления (никель - восстановитель):
Ni-2e^-=Ni²⁺ ([$949$]⁰(Ni²⁺/Ni)=-0,257 В)
процесс восстановления (азотная кислота - окислитель):
NO₃^-+2H⁺+e^-=NO₂+H₂O ([$949$]⁰(HNO₃/NO₂)=+0,803 В)
Ni+2NO₃^-+4H⁺=Ni²⁺+2NO₂+2H₂O
Ni+4HNO₃=Ni(NO₃)₂+2NO₂+2H₂O
E⁰=[$949$]⁰(HNO₃/NO₂)-[$949$]⁰(Ni²⁺/Ni)=1,06 В

4.
Fe²⁺+2e^-=Fe
[$949$]⁰(Fe²⁺/Fe)=-0,447 В
[$949$](0,0001M Fe²⁺/Fe)=[$949$]⁰(Fe²⁺/Fe)+(RT/2F)ln(C(Fe²⁺))=[$949$]⁰(Fe²⁺/Fe)+(0,059/2)lg(C(Fe²⁺))=-0,565 В

Fe|0,0001M FeSO₄||1M CuSO₄|Cu
Fe-2e^-=Fe²⁺
Cu²⁺+2e^-=Cu ([$949$]⁰(Cu²⁺/Cu)=+0,342 В)
Fe+CuSO₄=Cu+FeSO₄
E=[$949$]⁰(Cu²⁺/Cu)-[$949$](0,0001M Fe²⁺/Fe)=0,907 В
E⁰=[$949$]⁰(Cu²⁺/Cu)-[$949$]⁰(Fe²⁺/Fe)=0,789 В

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