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Консультация № 147721
19.10.2008, 13:20
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Здраствуйте. Помогите, пожалуйста, решить задачу: найти молекулярную формулу углеводорода, если ω углерода равна 85,7%
Обсуждение
Неизвестный
19.10.2008, 17:54
общий
это ответ
Здравствуйте, Krendel61!
Запишем общую формулу углеводорода СxHy
Пусть мы взяли 100 г углеводорода, тогда масса углерода в нем -- 100г *0,857 = 85,7 г
А кол-во С = 85,7 / 12 моль = 7,14
Масса Н = 100-85,7= 14,3 (г), Кол-во = 14,3 моль
В формуле углеводорода x:y как количесва С к Н
x:y = 7,14 : 14,3
x:y = 1 :2
Брутто-формула вещества -- СН2
Такого углеводорода конечно-же нет, но формула углеводорода исходя из брутто-формулы, записывается как (СН2)n
Таким образом, подставив вместо n = 2, получаем формулу этилена -- реально существующего углеводорода С2H4
Все алкены подходят к этой формуле, но этилен является простейшим из них. Возможно в задаче вопрос должен был стоять немного по-другому: найти брутто-формулу, или молекулярную формулу простейшего углеводорода.
Запишем общую формулу углеводорода СxHy
Пусть мы взяли 100 г углеводорода, тогда масса углерода в нем -- 100г *0,857 = 85,7 г
А кол-во С = 85,7 / 12 моль = 7,14
Масса Н = 100-85,7= 14,3 (г), Кол-во = 14,3 моль
В формуле углеводорода x:y как количесва С к Н
x:y = 7,14 : 14,3
x:y = 1 :2
Брутто-формула вещества -- СН2
Такого углеводорода конечно-же нет, но формула углеводорода исходя из брутто-формулы, записывается как (СН2)n
Таким образом, подставив вместо n = 2, получаем формулу этилена -- реально существующего углеводорода С2H4
Все алкены подходят к этой формуле, но этилен является простейшим из них. Возможно в задаче вопрос должен был стоять немного по-другому: найти брутто-формулу, или молекулярную формулу простейшего углеводорода.
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